The BRAF (V600E) mutation analysis is predictive for anti-EGFR therapies (i.e., cetuximab and panitumumab). BRAF mutations account for approximately 12-15% of colorectal cancer patients.

V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1, also known as BRAF, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the BRAF gene. The BRAF gene makes a protein called B-RAF, which is involved in sending signals in cells and in cell growth. This gene may be mutated (changed) in many types of cancer, which causes a change in the B-RAF protein. This can increase the growth and spread of cancer cells.

V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1, also known as BRAF, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the BRAF gene. The BRAF gene makes a protein called B-RAF, which is involved in sending signals in cells and in cell growth. This gene may be mutated (changed) in many types of cancer, which causes a change in the B-RAF protein. This can increase the growth and spread of cancer cells.

Activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT pathway, regulates many normal cellular processes which include cell proliferation, survival, and motility. For these same reasons, the PI3K pathway also plays an important oncogenic role in many cancer types. PI3K signaling pathways can be deregulated by a variety of mechanisms in human tumors.

The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) family is a group of enzymes that generate lipid 'second messengers' that mediate signal transduction. PI3K signaling initiates normal cell processes that are frequently disrupted by carcinogenesis: growth, differentiation (the structure and/or function of a cell is changed), survival, proliferation, migration, metabolism, and metastasis.